Techniques of sector of development and investigation of bimetals and multilayer metallic composites
The method used by us for bimetal and multilayer composites - it's hot rolling in vacuum (method GWP).
Features of the method:
- the possibility of solid phase welding layers of almost all metals and alloys;
- layers bond strength is not inferior to the strength of the welded metals;
- the relative spatial arrangement of the layers of welded metal and the thickness of the composite can be virtually any.
Essence of the method
Stack of plates produced of different metals or alloys is heated, rolled and cooled in vacuum conditions. On passing of welded plated throughout the deformation site the stable metallurgical bond forms, that is, welded joint of heterogeneous metals forms.
For realization of the method vacuum rolling mills or vacuum-rolling-welding assemblies are used.
Due to the non-oxidizing conditions of heating and absence of melting of welded metals the strength of layers joint is not inferior the strength of metals.
Method allows obtain the welded joint of metal traditionally considered as non-welding (copper+molybdenum, aluminum+steel and others)
Relative space arrangement of welded metals and their relative thickness un composite may be practically anyone.
Traditional grades of metal rolled products also as different dispersion materials-metallic powders, chip, carving and also powder mixtures of metals with carbides, nitrides and other non-metallic compositions may be used as starting materials
Proposed method allows obtain:
- Adapter bimetals,
- composed of layers of heterogeneous metals which can`t be welded by traditional methods of welding with melting (for instances, pairs of such metals as titanium and steel, zirconium and steel, aluminum and steel and also steels of different classes). Rational choice of interlayers guarantees to bimetallic adapters the high strength, impact strength, vacuum tightness and corrosion strength also as serviceability at high temperatures during long periods Adapters of the shape corresponding to welded pieces are produced from bimetallic blanks and pieces produced of heterogeneous metals are welded to portions of adapters of similar composition by traditional technology.
- are used
- In rocket, space, aircraft industry, in instrument engineering, production of electrotechnical devices and others
- Antifriction bimetals,
- are composed of thick base layer, mainly produced from structural steel and fine cladding layer produced of antifriction alloy. These bimetals are intended for production of components of different friction pairs and allow consume economically the high-cost antifriction materials, increase the ultimate loads in friction units and obtain antifriction composition with improved characteristics at the expense of the use of different powder mixtures.
- are used
- for production of bearings of different purposes, especially in production and repair of automobiles, internal combustion engines, different machine tools and others.
- Electrotechnical bimetals and laminated composites,
- are composed of layers of electroconducting materials (copper, aluminum) and of structural steel. These materials allow increase mechanical strength of articles without decrease of their electrophisical characteristics and also produce articles and products with unique predetermined complex of magnetic and electrical properties modifying volume fraction electroconducting diamagnetic component and resistive ferromagnetic components and also mutual space arrangement of layers of heterogeneous metals.
- are used
- for the production of different electrotechnical articles, electric generators, consumer equipment and others.
- Tool bimetals,
- are made of basic layer, produced of structural steel and small volume of instrumental material (high-speed steel, for instance) configuration and dimension of which are sufficient for providing the serviceability of instrument of definite type. Allow consume economically deficient instrumental materials, increase damping characteristics of instrument and decrease the labor input of production.
- are used
- For production of practically any forms and standard sizes of cutting instrument (preferably flat), dies of different sorts.
- Self-sharpening composites,
- are produced of one or two layers of materials with low wear resistance and fine layer of high wear resistant material. These composites provide to cutting pieces of different machines (agricultural implements, for instance) a fine (0,1-0,2 mm) cutter edge which is self-restorable during machine operation.
- are used
- for fabrication of cutter parts of agricultural facilities and hand farm implements, equipment for food and light industry, woodworking and others.
- Composites-substitutes
- for rare and precious metals composed of fine outer layer of expensive metal (gold, silver, tantalum or alloys of non-ferrous metals and of base layer of cheaper metal (steel, for instance). These composites not only guarantee properties analogous to the products made of precious metals but also allow reduce the consumption of such metals and decrease the costs of these products.
- are used
- for production of articles resistant in different corrosive environment, in particular, electrolytic capacitor, pots for melting of aggressive metals and also for production of coins, tags, electrical contacts, jewelry and decorative articles.
