V.M. Azhazha, G.P. Tichinsky, G.P. Kovtun
Obtaining and metallophysics of superpurity metals (in Russian)// Metallophysika i novejshyje technologii. - 2000. - V. 22, # 2. - pp. 21-35. - Bibliogr.: 21 designations. - rus.
Basic experimental results, obtained in NSC KIPT last time, regarding production of rare and rare-earth high-pure metals and their properties research are summarized. The basic principles of metals refinement physical methods (distillation, melting and floating-zone refining, electric transfer and its combination with floating zone method) using vacuum and ultrahigh-vacuum technique are shortly stated. Prospect of complex utilization of physical refinement methods was shown for metals deep purification. The series of metals in the single crystal and polycrystalline states (Re, Ru, Os, W, Cr, Nb, V, Zr, Be, Ga, Dy etc.) with the purity corresponding to the best world analogues were obtained. A whole number of features and effects not observed previously in the worse purity metals were revealed during the investigation of physical-mechanical properties of high-pure metals. So, the superplasticity was discovered in high-pure berillium; the magnetic breakdown and enormously large thermoelectromotive oscillations exceeding classic values by two orders of magnitude were found out in high-pure ruthenium. As the purity of tungsten and ruthenium single crystals increased, their magnetic resistance enhanced by several digits. Typical changes of properties were observed also in other high-pure metals.
Key words: high-pure metals, physical refinement methods, production, properties characteristics
